- 2. Johari Window The Johari window is a technique created in 1955 by two American psychologists, Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1914–1995), used to help people better understand their relationship with self and others. It is used primarily in self-help groups and corporate settings as a heuristic exercise.
- 3. Johari Adjectives A Johari window consists of the following 57 adjectives used as possible descriptions of the participant.They are: Able, ambivert, accepting, adaptable, bold, calm, caring, cheerful, clever, congenial, complex , confident, dependable, dignified, energetic, extrovert, friendly, giving, happy, helpful, idealistic, independent, ingenious, intelligent, introvert, kind, knowledgeable, logical, loving, mature, modest, nervous, observant, optimistic, organized, patient, powerful, proud, aggressive, reflective, relaxed, religious, responsive, searching, self-assertive, self-conscious, sensible, sentimental, shy, silly, smart, spontaneous, sympathetic, tense, trustworthy, warm, wise
- 4. How to use Johari window When performing the exercise, subjects are given a list of 56 adjectives and pick five or six that they feel describe their own personality. Peers of the subject are then given the same list, and each pick five or six adjectives that describe the subject. These adjectives are then mapped onto a grid.
- 5. Johari House with four rooms Charles Handy calls this concept the Johari House with four rooms. Room 1 is the part of ourselves that we see and others see. Room 2 is the aspects that others see but we are not aware of. Room 3 is the most mysterious room in that the unconscious or subconscious part of us is seen by neither ourselves nor others. Room 4 is our private space, which we know but keep from others.
- 6. johari window four regions 1. what is known by the person about him/herself and is also known by others - open area, open self, free area, free self, or 'the arena' 2. what is unknown by the person about him/herself but which others know - blind area,blind self, or 'blindspot' 3. what the person knows about him/herself that others do not know - hidden area, hiddenself, avoided area, avoided self or 'facade' 4. what is unknown by the person about him/herself and is also unknown by others - unknown area or unknown self
- 7. Johari window four regions - model diagram The Johari Window is based on a four-square grid – it is like a window with four 'panes'. each quadrant the same size. The JohariWindow 'panes‘ can be changed in size to reflect the relevant proportions of each type of 'knowledge' of/about a particular person in a given group or team situation. In new groups or teams the open free space for any team member is small because shared awareness is relatively small. As the team member becomes better established and known, so the size of the team member's open free area quadrant increases.
- 8. The Johari Window model used for understanding and training self-awareness, personal development, improving communications, interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, team development and inter-group relationships
- 9. The Johari Window model is also referred to as a 'disclosure/ feedback model of self awareness', 'information processing tool'.
- 10. The Johari Window : what it represents ? The Johari Window actually represents information - feelings, experience, views, attitudes, skills, intentions, motivation, etc - within or about a person - in relation to their group, from four perspectives
In second language acquisition , error analysis studies the types and causes of language errors . Errors are classified according to: modality (i.e., level of proficiency in speaking, writing , reading , listening ) linguistic levels (i.e., pronunciation , grammar , vocabulary , style ) form (e.g., omission, insertion, substitution) type (systematic errors/errors in competence vs. occasional errors/errors in performance) cause (e.g., interference , interlanguage ) norm vs. system Methodology Error analysis in SLA was established in the 1960s by Stephen Pit Corder and colleagues. [2] Error analysis (EA) was an alternative to contrastive analysis , an approach influenced by behaviorism through which applied linguists sought to use the formal distinctions between the learners' first and second languages to predict errors. Error analysis showed that contrastive analysis was unable to predict a great majority of errors, although its more valuable aspects have been in...
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